ABSTRACT
Objetivo: determinar valores antropométricos de estética facial de niños de 5 y 8 años de edad, concaracterísticas físicas y oclusales normales, pertenecientes a diferentes grupos sociogenéticos deSantiago de Chile, debido a que es un país con marcada mezcla indígena, y compararlos entre sísegún sexo y estrato para cada grupo etáreo y con los valores norteamericanos utilizados internacionalmentepublicados por Farkas. Metodos: se realizó un análisis facial basado en Arnett y Farkas,utilizando fotografía digital apoyada por examen clínico, en cuatro muestras, clasificadas según denticióny estrato. Resultados: no existen diferencias entre sexo ni estrato en Chile, ni tampoco cuando estasson comparadas con las medidas norteamericanas. Conclusiones: las mediciones antropométricasfaciales determinadas para los distintos grupos sociogenéticos en Santiago Chile no difieren entre sini con las publicadas por Farkas, por lo que estas pueden ser utilizadas en la clínica en Santiago conpoblaciones étnicamente mixtas.
Purpose: to compare anthropometric measurements of facial esthetics in 5 and 8 years old children,with normal physical and occlusal characteristics, belonging to different sociogenetic groups fromSantiago de Chile (mixed ethnic population); and with north American Caucasian parameters publishedby Farkas. Methods: a facial analysis based on Arnett and Farkas was carried out, using digitalphotography supported by a clinical examination, in four samples, according to the dentition andsociogenetic stratum. Results: the results show no differences in Chile according to sex and stratum,neither with Caucasian measurements. Conclusion: the anthropometric measurements of facialaesthetics in sociogenetic groups from Santiago are not different with Farkas Caucasian measurementsand can be used for clinical purposes in mixed ethnically Chilean populations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Anthropometry/methods , Esthetics , Face/anatomy & histology , Hispanic or Latino/genetics , Age Factors , Chile , Hispanic or Latino/ethnology , Indians, South American/genetics , Sex Distribution , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
Este estudio tiene como objetivo estimar la mezcla génica en la población de la Ciudad de BuenosAires, a partir de muestras de dadores de sangre provenientes de un centro público de salud (Hospitalde Clínicas). Los estudios se realizaron sobre 218 personas no emparentadas que donaron su sangre duranteel año 2002. Se analizaron 8 sistemas genéticos eritrocitarios y los alotipos GM/KM. Se realizó una encuestacon la finalidad de obtener información sobre lugar de nacimiento, residencia actual y datos genealógicosde los dadores. Las frecuencias génicas se determinaron empleando métodos de máxima verosimilitud. Paracalcular la mezcla génica se aplicó el programa ADMIX (trihíbrido). Se registró un 15.8% de aporte indígena(AI) y 4.3% de africano (AA). Estos datos se compararon con un estudio previo realizado en un centro privado(Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires), no observándose diferencias significativas salvo en el sistema Km. Los resultadosobtenidos se corresponden con la información histórica y demográfica de la ciudad de Buenos Aires.
The aim of this study is to estimatethe gene admixture in the population of Buenos Aires City from samples of blood donors, whichcome from a public health centre (Hospital de Clínicas). These studies were performed on 218 unrelated people,who donated blood during the year 2002. Eight erythrocyte genetic systems and GM/KM allotypes were analysed.A survey to obtain information about place of birth, present residence and genealogical data of the donors wasperformed. The gene frequencies were determined using a method of maximum likelihood. The genetic admixturewas calculated through the ADMIX program (trihibride). The Amerindian and African contributions were 15.8%and 4.3% respectively. These data were compared with those obtained in a previous study performed in a privatecentre (Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires) and significant differences were observed, except in the KM system.The results obtained are in concordance with the demographic and historic information of Buenos Aires City.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Gene Frequency , Genetic Testing , Hispanic or Latino/genetics , Argentina , Africa/ethnology , Blood Donors , Europe/ethnology , Genetic Markers , Genetics, Population , Indians, South American/genetics , PedigreeABSTRACT
Background: Genetic markers are useful to study evolution parameters in populations and to determine kinship. Aim: To characterize three short tandem repeat loci in a sample of Chilean subjects and compare them with Caucasian and Hispanic populations. Material and methods: Three hundred ninety three unrelated subjects that were sent for genetic studies from courts of justice, were studied. The loci FESFPS, F13A01 and vWA in blood samples, were typified amplifying DNA by polymerase chain reactions. Results: The three studied loci were highly polymorphic. F13A01 and FESFPS were in Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium. A significant excess of heterozygotes was detected for vWA locus. There were no differences in allele frequencies, according to ethnic origins of last names. Allele frequencies for F13A01 and vWA loci were similar to those of Hispanic populations of Unites States and FESFPS loci was different. Conclusions: All three loci had a high efficiency for genetic identification tests according to the estimated a priory exclusion probability